Vibra-Cell ultrasonic processor, by Sonics - Product detail - Pubcompare (2024)

Manufactured by Sonics

Sourced in United States

The Vibra-Cell ultrasonic processor is a lab equipment designed for sample processing and preparation. It utilizes high-frequency vibrations to disrupt and homogenize samples. The equipment's core function is to provide controlled and efficient sample disruption for various applications.

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Lab products found in correlation

HiLoad 16/60 Superdex 200 pg column, General Electric (1 mentions) 2-D Quant Kit, General Electric (1 mentions) Turrax blender, IKA (1 mentions) MtDNA isolation kit, BioVision (1 mentions) DNA Mini Kit, Qiagen (1 mentions) Nanotrac particle size analyzer, Microtrac (1 mentions) Bi2O3 nanoparticles, Sigma-Aldrich (1 mentions) Qubit fluorimeter, Invitrogen (1 mentions) Triton X-100, Sigma-Aldrich (1 mentions) Complete protease inhibitor mixture, Roche (1 mentions) Nano ZS, Malvern Panalytical (1 mentions) Acquity UPLC, Waters (1 mentions) XBridge C18 column, Waters (1 mentions) DC Protein Assay, Bio-Rad (1 mentions)

24 protocols using Vibra-Cell ultrasonic processor

Cells were harvested in the late log phase from 100 mL TAP medium and suspended in 1 mL extraction buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 25 to 100 mM NaCl, 1% [v/v] glycerol, 1 μM aprotinin, 10 μM pepstatin A, 1 mM PMSF, and 2 mM pefabloc SC). The cell mixture was sonicated for 3 min by 10 s pulses, with 5 s intervals (Vibra-Cell ultrasonic processor; Sonics & Materials, Inc.); the cell debris were pelleted by centrifugation at 17,000 × g for 20 min at 4 °C. The resulting crude cell extract was filtered through a 0.45 μm filter before loading onto a HiLoad 16/60 Superdex 200 pg column (GE Healthcare) at 4 °C. A buffer containing 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5) and 25 mM NaCl was used for equilibration and elution, and elution profiles were recorded at 280 nm. Fractions of 750 μL each were collected, precipitated with 90% (v/v) methanol (Bychkov et al. 2011 (link)), and dissolved in 40 μL 1 × SDS sample buffer. Immunoblotting was performed after separating 10 μL of each fraction by SDS-PAGE on a 4% to 20% gel. A set of protein standards was used as a reference for calibration and determination of the molecular mass of CrMCA-II protein species in the samples.

Zou Y., Sabljić I., Horbach N., Dauphinee A.N., Åsman A., Sancho Temino L., Minina E.A., Drag M., Stael S., Poreba M., Ståhlberg J, & Bozhkov P.V. (2023). Thermoprotection by a cell membrane–localized metacaspase in a green alga. The Plant Cell, 36(3), 665-687.

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Alginate nanocarriers loaded with PE (ANC-PE) were prepared following the oil-in-water emulsification and ionic gelation protocol described in detail by Nguyen et al. [12 (link)]. A sodium alginate aqueous solution (0.6 g/L) was prepared and filtered through a 0.45 µm nylon filter. To prepare the aqueous phase of the emulsion, polysorbate 80 (0.06 g/L) was added to the filtrate. Then, PE (0.015 g/g) and sorbitan monooleate (0.1 g/g) were mixed to form the oil phase. Finally, the nano-emulsification of the two phases was achieved using an ultrasonic probe (Vibra-cell ultrasonic processor, Sonics, 20 kHz) for 3 min. The addition of an aqueous solution of calcium ions (0.67 g/L) led to the gelation of the surface of the nanocarrier. The final concentration of the active ingredient of the ANC-PE aqueous suspension was 0.165 g/g.

Elderderi S., Bonnier F., Perse X., Byrne H.J., Yvergnaux F., Chourpa I., Elbashir A.A, & Munnier E. (2023). Label-Free Quantification of Nanoencapsulated Piperonyl Esters in Cosmetic Hydrogels Using Raman Spectroscopy. Pharmaceutics, 15(6), 1571.

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After appropriate treatment, cells were collected in Eppendorf tubes, resuspended in a hypotonic buffer (120 mM KCl, 20 mM HEPES, 2 mM MgCl2, and 1 mM EGTA, pH 7.4) and disrupted by performing ten 1-s pulses with the Vibra-Cell ultrasonic processor (Sonics & Materials, Danbury, CT, USA). The subsequent assessments of the two typical ISC metabolic enzymes were performed according to the previously reported protocol.12 (link)

He M., Lu Y., Xu S., Mao L., Zhang L., Duan W., Liu C., Pi H., Zhang Y., Zhong M., Yu Z, & Zhou Z. (2014). MiRNA-210 modulates a nickel-induced cellular energy metabolism shift by repressing the iron–sulfur cluster assembly proteins ISCU1/2 in Neuro-2a cells. Cell Death & Disease, 5(2), e1090-.

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Samples were mixed with 1 mL of sodium phosphate buffer (50 mM sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate, 50 mM disodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate; 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt dihydrate (EDTA), 1% (v/v) Triton X-100; 1% (v/v) polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), 1 mM dithiothreitol (DTT), pH 7.0), and lysed using an ultrasound probe (Vibra Cell Ultrasonic Processor, Sonics, Newtown, USA ) for 60 s, applying a continuous cycle with 50% amplitude. Samples were centrifuged at 10,000× g for 10 min, and the supernatant was collected and immediately used or frozen at −80 °C for protein, protein carbonylation, LPO content, and SOD, CAT, and GST activity. For ETS, the procedure was similar, but samples were centrifuged at 3000× g for 3 min.

Cardoso P., Pinto R., Lopes T, & Figueira E. (2024). How Bacteria Cope with Oxidative Stress Induced by Cadmium: Volatile Communication Is Differentially Perceived among Strains. Antioxidants, 13(5), 565.

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β-lactamase activity was quantified through the hydrolysis of the chromogenic substrate nitrocefin (DAWINBIO; Abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom), as described previously (Li et al., 2016 (link)) with some modifications. Overnight LB cultures were subcultured in fresh LB medium for 36 h. After 12 h, the cells were harvested, washed, and dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4), and then sonicated using the Vibra-Cell ultrasonic processor (Sonics & Materials Inc., Newtown, CT, United States). The cell lysate was incubated with 50 μg/ml of nitrocefin for 10 min at room temperature, and the OD450 was determined.

Marunga J., Goo E., Kang Y, & Hwang I. (2021). Mutations in the Two-Component GluS-GluR Regulatory System Confer Resistance to β-Lactam Antibiotics in Burkholderia glumae. Frontiers in Microbiology, 12, 721444.

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Harvested cells were subjected to three freeze-thaw cycles before washing and then resuspended in 700 μl lysis buffer containing 8 M urea, 2% (v/v) CHAPS, 64.8 mM DTT, 2% IPG buffer pH 4–7 (Pharmacia Amersham Biotech, Sweden). Ultrasonication of the samples was then performed with homogenizing 0.2 mm glass beads for 4 × 5 min (5 s pulses, amplitude 40, Vibra-Cell™ Ultrasonic Processor, SONICS), with alternate periods of cooling. Intact cells were sedimented by centrifugation at 17000×g for 10 min at 4 °C and the supernatants (protein extracts) were stored at − 20 °C. The protein concentration was determined using the 2-D Quant kit (GE Healthcare Life Sciences).

Robertsson C., Svensäter G., Blum Z, & Wickström C. (2020). Intracellular Ser/Thr/Tyr phosphoproteome of the oral commensal Streptococcus gordonii DL1. BMC Microbiology, 20, 280.

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The hot-process emulsion method was used to prepare the SLN formulations. The lipids were weighed out in sufficient amounts to obtain a final concentration of 20 mg·mL−1. Myristyl myristate and cetyl palmitate were heated to 10 °C above their fusion points (38.0–41.6 °C and 43.0–54.0 °C for MM and CP, respectively) [7 (link)]. The anesthetic-loaded formulations were obtained by solubilizing DBC into these oily phases after their complete fusion up to a final 1 mg·mL−1 concentration, corresponding to 1:16 DBC:MM and 1:13 DBC:CP molar ratios, respectively. The oily phase was then slowly (over 3 min) added to a warm aqueous solution of poloxamer 188 (0.5%, w/w) under 10,000 rpm with a Turrax blender (IKA Werke, Staufen, Germany).
The obtained samples were then homogenized either using three cycles at 600 bar of a high-pressure hot homogenization process (H-P) in a Panda homogenizer (Niro Soavi, Parma, Italy) or by tip ultrasonication (U-S) at 20 kHz for 15 min in a Vibra-Cell ultrasonic processor (Sonics and Materials, Newtown, CT, USA). During the process, the sample media were insulated in order to keep the temperature above the melting point of the lipids. Finally, the SLNs were chilled to 20 °C and conditioned in glass flasks at 4 °C [17 (link)].

de M. Barbosa R., Ribeiro L.N., Casadei B.R., da Silva C.M., Queiróz V.A., Duran N., de Araújo D.R., Severino P, & de Paula E. (2018). Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Dibucaine Sustained Release. Pharmaceutics, 10(4), 231.

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mtDNA was prepared and quantified according to our previous publication [13 (link)]. Briefly, mtDNA was isolated from the lungs of wild-type (WT) mice on a C57BL/6 background using a mtDNA Isolation Kit (Biovision, Waltham, MA, USA), and sonicated using a Vibracell ultrasonic processor (Sonics and Materials, Inc., Newtown, CT, USA). For quantification of mtDNA, mtDNA was extracted from cell-free bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) using a DNA mini kit (Qiagen) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Mouse mitochondrial specific 16S rRNA gene was used for quantification of mtDNA by real-time PCR with a purified mtDNA standard curve.

Dimasuay K.G., Berg B., Schaunaman N, & Chu H.W. (2023). Role of Myeloid Cell-Specific TLR9 in Mitochondrial DNA-Induced Lung Inflammation in Mice. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(2), 939.

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The whole cell protein extraction from HTR-8 sv/neo cells or placental tissues was prepared using radio-immunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) lysis as described [24 (link)]. Briefly, the cells or tissues were lysed or homogenized in RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitor cocktail at 4 °C. The lysates were sonicated for 5 s using vibra-cell ultrasonic processor (Sonics, Newtown, CT, USA) and centrifuged at 15,000× g for 25 min at 4 °C. The supernatant collected is the WCE.

Shanmugam S., Patel D., Wolpert J.M., Keshvani C., Liu X., Bergeson S.E., Kidambi S., Mahimainathan L., Henderson G.I, & Narasimhan M. (2019). Ethanol Impairs NRF2/Antioxidant and Growth Signaling in the Intact Placenta In Vivo and in Human Trophoblasts. Biomolecules, 9(11), 669.

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Stock solutions (10 mg/ml) of TiO2-NP or TiO2-FP were prepared in aseptic phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) by sonicating for 30 sec (Misonix Sonicator XL-2000; Qsonica, Newtown, CT) and cooling on ice for 15 sec for a total of 3 min. Before use, particles were diluted under aseptic conditions to 0–100 μg/ml in PBS, and then sonicated for another 1 min. Particle size distribution was measured with a Nanotrac Particle Size Analyzer (Microtrac, Montgomeryville, PA) performing dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis of 100 μg/ml of particles suspended in PBS and sonicated for 2 min (TiO2-FP) or 1 min (TiO2-NP) in a Vibra-Cell ultrasonic processor (Sonics & Materials, Newtown, CT). Sonication of TiO2-NP for a longer than 1 min resulted in increased agglomeration. To monitor structure size and agglomeration pattern of the particles as delivered in cell culture medium, 10 μg/ml of sonicated particle suspensions were added to the medium and then reanalyzed by DLS.

Chakraborty S., Castranova V., Perez M.K, & Piedimonte G. (2017). Nanoparticles-Induced Apoptosis of Human Airway Epithelium is mediated by ProNGF/p75NTR Signaling. Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A, 80(1), 53-68.

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Nanothermite
composites have been prepared by ultrasonic mixing of 200 mg of Bi2O3 nanoparticles of average diameter of 90–210
nm (procured from Sigma-Aldrich, India) with 50 mg of Al nanopowder
of average diameter of 80 nm (procured from Neo Ecosystem Pvt Ltd
India) in isopropyl alcohol (30 mL) in a Sonics Vibra-Cell ultrasonic
processor (model VCX130, 130 W, 20 kHz, Sonics & Materials, Inc.).
The ultrasonication process disperses and breaks apart the agglomerates
of Bi2O3 and Al nanoparticles and promotes homogeneous
mixing. The ultrasonication process has been continued for ∼10
min in this synthesis by keeping the on–off pulsing time equal
to 10 s to avoid any thermal gradient within the solution. Finally,
the isopropyl alcohol is evaporated by drying the well-homogenized
slurry at 90 °C in a hot air oven and the dried powder is extracted
and immediately kept under vacuum to avoid any moisture absorption.

Kant R., Bhatt G., Patel V.K., Ganguli A., Singh D., Nayak M., Mishra K., Gupta A., Gangopadhyay K., Gangopadhyay S., Ramanathan G, & Bhattacharya S. (2019). Synchronized Electromechanical Shock Wave-Induced Bacterial Transformation. ACS Omega, 4(5), 8512-8521.

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Nanoparticles were prepared by the hot emulsion technique and ultrasonication with composition, provided in

Table 1

[32 (link),33 (link)]. The preparation of lipid nanoparticles involved five steps as presented in

Figure 1

: (1) Heating: CP and MM were heated at 10 °C above their melting point, and for NLC, AO was solubilized into the lipid previously melted (CM or MM). The PL aqueous solution was also heated at the same temperature as the oil phase. (2) Pre-emulsion production: the pre-emulsion (O/W) was obtained using a Turrax mixer (IKA Werke GmbH & Co. KG; Staufen im Breisgau, Germany) under high speed (10,000 rpm) for 3 min. (3) Homogenization process: Pre-emulsion was homogenized by tip ultrasonication at 20 kHz for 15 min (15 s on and 15 s off) in a Vibra-Cell ultrasonic processor (Sonics and Materials; Newtown, CT, USA). (4) Cooling: All samples were cooled in an ice bath. (5) Packaging: Samples were placed in falcon tubes at room temperature. The presence of AO favours the production of NLCs disorganized internal structure due to the mix of different liquid lipid at room temperature [34 (link)].

Ferreira M.A., de Almeida Júnior R.F., Onofre T.S., Casadei B.R., Farias K.J., Severino P., de Oliveira Franco C.F., Raffin F.N., de Lima e Moura T.F, & de Melo Barbosa R. (2021). Annatto Oil Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: A Potential New Treatment for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Pharmaceutics, 13(11), 1912.

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Conventional and PEGylated liposomes have the presence of phosphatidylcholine and copaiba resin oil in common. Only PEGylated liposomes have PEG-laurate. Empty conventional and PEGylated liposomes were also prepared for comparison purposes, and were used as standards. Multilamellar liposomes (MLV) were prepared according to the classical lipid film hydration methodology, as described by Bangham [42 (link)]. Briefly, soybean phosphatidylcholine, PEG and copaiba essential resin oil were dissolved in chloroform (10 mL). The active substance (CP or EXT) lipid mass ratio was approximately 1:10. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure at room temperature (~25 °C). The lipid film was hydrated with freshly prepared sodium phosphate buffer (PBS—0.01M) and pH 7.4 under constant stirring. The vesicles acquired the unilamellar form (SUV) from MLV dispersions by tip ultrasonication at 40 kHz for 30 min (60 s on and 60 s off) in a Vibra-Cell ultrasonic processor (Sonics and Materials; Newtown, CT, USA). Finally, the liposomes were stored in a refrigerator (4–8 °C) for stability studies.

Blanco I.M., Barbosa R.D., Borges J.M., de Melo S.A., El-Bachá R.D., Viseras C., Severino P., Sanchez-Lopez E., Souto E.B, & Cabral-Albuquerque E. (2023). Conventional and PEGylated Liposomes as Vehicles of Copaifera sabulicola. Pharmaceutics, 15(2), 671.

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After exposure to H2O2 or O2, the bacterial cells were collected by centrifugation at 5700× g for 30 min at 40 °C. The cell pellets were washed three times in PBS solution (pH 7.4), containing 1 mM of PMSF. The PBS solution was heated at 95 °C for 20 min, after which the cell pellets were resuspended in the PBS solution at a ratio of 1:10 and incubated at 95 °C for 10 min. Cells were broken using ultrasound disintegration with a VibraCell™ Ultrasonic Processor (Sonics, USA). The processing mode consisted of an 80% amplitude, 15 s of sonication, and 10 s intervals between sonications for a total period of 30–45 min at 4 °C. Cellular debris was centrifuged at 25,000× g for 20 min at 40 °C. Protein preparations were kept at −20 °C. The concentration of the isolated proteins was measured by a Qubit fluorimeter (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA).

Averina O.V., Kovtun A.S., Mavletova D.A., Ziganshin R.H., Danilenko V.N., Mihaylova D., Blazheva D., Slavchev A., Brazkova M., Ibrahim S.A, & Krastanov A. (2023). Oxidative Stress Response of Probiotic Strain Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum GT15. Foods, 12(18), 3356.

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Cells were harvested into sterile deionized H2O from freshly grown patches on plates, diluted, and sonicated for 10 s using a Sonics Vibracell Ultrasonic Processor, quantitated by counting with a hemocytometer, and then 1 × 107, 2 × 107, or 4 × 107 cells (depending on the experiment) were added to water in a final volume of 220 μl in a 96-well microtiter plate. The cells were serially diluted fivefold, 6 times across the length of the dish, and pronged onto either selective synthetic or YPDA plates, depending on the assay. Pronged cells were incubated for 3–4 days at 30°C, 37°C, or 39°C depending upon the assay being performed. Because Petri dish incubators often exhibit temperature gradients, i.e., between the bottom and top sections of the inner chamber, thermometers were placed in covered beakers of water at each level that was used and carefully monitored.

Holland C.L., Sanderson B.A., Titus J.K., Weis M.F., Riojas A.M., Malczewskyj E., Wasko B.M, & Lewis L.K. (2021). Suppression of telomere capping defects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yku70 and yku80 mutants by telomerase. G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics, 11(12), jkab359.

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HCPT-loaded HDL was prepared by the thin-film dispersion method. Briefly, 15 mg lipid was dissolved in 2 mL chloroform and mixed with a 2.5 mg/mL HCPT stock dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution. The organic solvent was evaporated and 0.7 mL buffer (50 mM acetate buffer, pH 5.0) was added to the flask to hydrate the film by probe sonication in 30 s intervals using a VibraCell ultrasonic processor (Sonics, Newtown, CT, USA). 5A peptide of 7.5–15 mg was dissolved in 0.3 mL buffer and mixed with the lipid suspension. The mixture was incubated in 50°C water bath for 5 min and cooled at room temperature for 5 min. The temperature was cycled three times to form sHDL.

Yuan Y., Wen J., Tang J., Kan Q., Ackermann R., Olsen K, & Schwendeman A. (2016). Synthetic high-density lipoproteins for delivery of 10-hydroxycamptothecin. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 11, 6229-6238.

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The bacterial cells were grown in the nutrient broth at 35 °C for 24 h. Cells were harvested by centrifugation at 7000X g for 20 min. The pellet was then suspended in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH7.4) and sonicated (Sonics-vibracell ultrasonic processor) at 50 amps, 7 strokes each 30 s at 3 min interval at 4 °C. The sonicated cells were centrifuged in cold condition (at 4 °C; 7000 Xg for 20 min) and the supernatant was used as a source of the crude enzyme subsequently for further examination [15 (link)]. The azoreductase activity was assessed by modifying the previously explained method by [16 (link)]. The modified method reaction mix has a total volume of 2.2 ml with the following components, 20 μM NADH, 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer pH 5.5,152 μM methyl red and 200 μL of enzyme solution. The activity was measured after the addition of NADH, by examining the change in the color intensity at 440 nm. The lignin peroxidase assay was done as described by [17 (link)], and the absorbance was measured at 310 nm [18 (link)]. The NADH-DCIP movement was determined using previously described method [19 ] and DCIP reduction was read at 590 nm.

Barathi S., Aruljothi K.N., Karthik C, & Padikasan I.A. (2020). Optimization for enhanced ecofriendly decolorization and detoxification of Reactive Blue160 textile dye by Bacillus subtilis. Biotechnology Reports, 28, e00522.

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E. coli strains producing recombinant proteins were collected by centrifugation and resuspended in 10 m

m

Tris, pH 8.0, supplemented with Complete Protease Inhibitor Mixture (Roche Applied Science) and 1 m

m

EDTA before cells were lysed by sonication (3 × 30 s, amplitude of 35%) using a Vibra-Cell ultrasonic processor (Sonics). Intact cells were removed by centrifugation at 4000 × g for 5 min at 4 °C. Soluble and membrane fractions were separated by centrifugation at 100,000 × g for 1 h at 4 °C. The membrane fraction was resuspended in 15 m

m

Tris, pH 7.4, supplemented with 1% Triton X-100 (Sigma) for 30 min at 4 °C. Soluble and insoluble membrane proteins were separated by centrifugation at 100,000 × g for 1 h at 4 °C. The proteins contained in the various fractions were analyzed by SDS-PAGE.

Hachani A., Allsopp L.P., Oduko Y, & Filloux A. (2014). The VgrG Proteins Are “à la Carte” Delivery Systems for Bacterial Type VI Effectors. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 289(25), 17872-17884.

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19

Alginate-Based Nanocarriers Preparation and Characterization

Alginate-based nanocarriers (ANCs) were prepared using ultrasound oil-in-water emulsification followed by surface gelation with cupric ions inspired by Nguyen et al. [31 (link)] and adapted by Boutin et al. [30 (link)]. Briefly, an A. platensis lipid extract solution in Labrafac ® WL 1349 (6 mg/mL) was emulsified with a sodium alginate solution in presence of nonionic surfactant, using an ultrasonic probe (Vibra-cell ultrasonic processor, Sonics, Newtown, CT, USA, 20 kHz). The resulting nanoemulsion was mixed under ultrasounds stirring with a solution of copper ions, which complex alginates to form an insoluble copper-alginate gel at the surface of the nanodroplets.
The hydrodynamic diameter and polydispersity index (PdI) of the ANC aqueous suspensions were measured using a dynamic light scattering (DLS) instrument (NanoZS, Malvern Panalytical, Malvern, UK). Each sample was diluted 1:50 in ultrapure water before measurements. Zeta potential was determined on the same sample with the same instrument. Measurements were made in triplicate at 25 °C.

Lemoine V., Bernard C., Leman-Loubière C., Clément-Larosière B., Girardot M., Boudesocque-Delaye L., Munnier E, & Imbert C. (2020). Nanovectorized Microalgal Extracts to Fight Candida albicans and Cutibacterium acnes Biofilms: Impact of Dual-Species Conditions. Antibiotics, 9(6), 279.

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Concentrations of ABA, abscisic acid glucose ester (ABA-GE), and jasmonic acid (JA) in xylem, needles, buds, and phloem above and below the girdle were simultaneously analyzed by HPLC MS/MS, as described by Brossa et al. (2011) (link). 100 mg fresh tissue was ground in liquid nitrogen with a mortar and pestle and extracted with 750 μl methanol–water–acetic acid (90:9:1 v/v/v). Deuterium-labeled internal standards (40 ng ABA-d6, 40 ng ABA-GE-d2, and 40 ng JA-d5) were added to each sample at the beginning of the extraction procedure. Extracts were vortexed for 5 min and incubated for 10 min at 4°C under ultrasonication (Vibra-Cell Ultrasonic Processor, Sonics & Materials Inc., Newtown, CT, USA) then centrifuged for 10 min at 10,000 rpm. The supernatants were collected and the pellets were re-extracted with 750 μl of the extraction solvent. Pellets were then pooled and filtered. 5 μl of each sample was injected into the LC system (Acquity UPLC, Waters) using a Waters X-Bridge C18 column (3.5 μm; 100 9 2.1 i.d.). The MS/MS quantification was performed on an API 3000 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (AB Sciex, Danaher Corp., Washington, DC, USA) using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) acquisition with the corresponding transitions for each analyte.

López R., Brossa R., Gil L, & Pita P. (2015). Stem girdling evidences a trade-off between cambial activity and sprouting and dramatically reduces plant transpiration due to feedback inhibition of photosynthesis and hormone signaling. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6, 285.

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Vibra-Cell ultrasonic processor, by Sonics - Product detail - Pubcompare (2024)
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